Artificiële Intelligentie & Recht
Innovation, Technology & Law

Blog over Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Quantum, Deep Learning, Blockchain en Big Data Law

Blog over juridische, sociale, ethische en policy aspecten van Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Quantum Computing, Sensing & Communication, Augmented Reality en Robotica, Big Data Wetgeving en Machine Learning Regelgeving. Kennisartikelen inzake de EU AI Act, de Data Governance Act, cloud computing, algoritmes, privacy, virtual reality, blockchain, robotlaw, smart contracts, informatierecht, ICT contracten, online platforms, apps en tools. Europese regels, auteursrecht, chipsrecht, databankrechten en juridische diensten AI recht.

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Dutch AI Coalition and Strategic Action Plan Artificial Intelligence
Dutch AI Coalition and Strategic Action Plan Artificial Intelligence

State Secretary Mona Keijzer launches Dutch AI Coalition and presents Strategic Action Plan AI for The Netherlands

65 Organizations, including our company AIRecht, are joining forces to ensure that the Netherlands becomes a major player in the field of artificial intelligence (AI).

Kick-off Dutch AI Coalition

More than 65 parties from the business community, government, education and research institutions and social organizations have joined the Dutch AI Coalition that launched on 8 October 2019. The Dutch AI Coalition (NL AIC / Nederlandse AI Coalitie) is a public-private partnership that functions as the catalyst for AI in The Netherlands. From leading multinationals IBM, Philips, Seedlink, Rabobank, KLM, Delft University and Amsterdam University, numerous SMEs to the police and knowledge institutions such as TNO and CLAIRE.

Strategic Action Plan AI of the Dutch Government (SAPAI)

It was a great day for AI-policy and technology driven innovation in The Netherlands. The Strategic Action Plan AI of the Dutch Government (SAPAI) follows a coordinated AI-policy approach on 3 tracks, including the implementation of knowledge and innovation agendas per industry sector (Health, AgriFood, Energy, Mobility), top research in the field of AI, the stimulation of AI entrepreneurship, the promotion of consumer rights and fair digital competition on online platforms, as well as safeguarding public values, human rights and fundamental freedoms through responsible and trustworthy tech, based on our shared European legal and ethical values.

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Artificial Intelligence, Artificiële IntelligentieMauritz KopAIRechtStrategic Action Plan AI, Dutch Government, AI-policy, SAPAI, Dutch AI Coalition, AIRecht, Innovation agenda, Research, NL AIC, Nederlandse AI Coalitie
AI & Intellectual Property: Towards an Articulated Public Domain
AI & Intellectual Property: Towards an Articulated Public Domain

New peer reviewed research article: ‘AI & Intellectual Property: Towards an Articulated Public Domain’ (download)

By Mauritz Kop

Link & citation at Texas Intellectual Property Law Journal (TIPLJ): 28 Tex. Intell. Prop. L. J. 297 (2020)

Link SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3409715

The article has been published in the Texas Intellectual Property Law Journal (2020, 28). TIPLJ is published in cooperation with the State Bar of Texas three times per year at the University of Texas School of Law. The Journal is the official journal of the State Bar of Texas Intellectual Property Law Section.

Res Publicae ex Machina (Public Property from the Machine)

Building upon the doctrinal body of knowledge, the article introduces a new public domain model for AI Creations and Inventions that crossed the autonomy threshold (i.e. no sufficient amount of human intervention that can be linked to the output): Res Publicae ex Machina (Public Property from the Machine). It includes examples.

Intellectual property framework AI systems

Besides that, the article describes the current legal framework regarding authorship and ownership of AI Creations, legal personhood, patents on AI Inventions, types of IP rights on the various components of the AI system itself (including Digital Twin technology), clearance of training data and data ownership.

Compact Artificial Intelligence & IP overview analysis

Main goal of this research is to offer an accessible, relatively compact Artificial Intelligence (AI) & IP overview analysis and in doing so, to provide some food for thought to interdisciplinary thinkers and policy makers in the IP, tech, privacy and freedom of information field.

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Artificiële Intelligentie, Intellectueel Eigendom, Informatierecht, Internet of Things, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Wetgeving, PolicyMauritz KopAIRecht.nlArtificial Intelligence, Robotics, Intellectual Property, Copyright, Authorship, AI Creations & Inventions, Public Domain, Autonomy Threshold, Human Intervention, Legal Personhood, Roman Property Paradigm, Res Publicae ex Machina, Human Rights, Patents, Data Ownership, Trade Secrets, Ethics, Policy, Public Property from the Machine, Mauritz Kop
AI Trade Mission to Boston with Prime Minister Mark Rutte
AI Trade Mission to Boston with Prime Minister Mark Rutte

AIRecht.nl lawyers Mauritz Kop and Suzan Slijpen joined the Dutch AI trade mission to Boston, Massachusetts led by Prime Minister Mark Rutte and Minister Bruno Bruins. It was a big success. We visited leading companies in health care, climate, and robotics and AI and participated in high quality meetings and events at -inter alia- Harvard Wyss Institute, MIT, IBM Watson, Amazon Robotics, Humatics and Philips Healthworks R&D HQ USA.

AI-Chefsache interview

During debriefing at the Museum of Fine Arts & Koch Gallery, Prime Minister Mark Rutte and Mauritz Kop reflected on AI becoming Chefsache, the concept of Trustworthy AI, exporting European ethical values to the USA via the Dutch AI Impact Assessment (ECP), and building a strong and vibrant AI ecosystem in The Netherlands.

AIRecht.nl website included in IBM Watson presentation

We were honoured and thrilled to see that Nicola Palmarini, Global Manager AI for Healthy Aging IBM Research - MIT/IBM Watson AI Lab Cambridge and Tedx Speaker, included our AIRecht.nl website in his presentation about the moral, legal and ethical implications of AI, at IBM Watson Health Experience Centre.

Building on shared expierences

Learning and building on shared experiences is a two way street. During the mission, we gathered knowledge of the technological state of the art in Robotics & AI. We shared our own latest research insights on AI & IP, open access, public domain and ethics that facilitate innovation with influential academic institutions and ambitious, frontrunning entrepreneurs. This blog contains a photo report of our economic mission to the beautiful city of Boston.

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Artificiële Intelligentie, Intellectueel Eigendom, RoboticaMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & RechtAIRecht.nl, Suzan Slijpen, Mauritz Kop, Mark Rutte, Bruno Bruins, AI Trade Mission, Boston, Massachusetts, Health Care, Climate Resilience, Robotics, Chefsache, Ethics, IBM Watson, Trustworthy AI, Intellectual Property, Open Access, Copyright, Patent, Trade Sectret, Brandname, Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment, ECP, Philips Healthworks, Clinical Pathways, Machine Learning, Humatics, Veo Robotics, MIT The Engine, MIT CSAIL, Hyperlight, autonomous driving, flying cars, Greensight Agronomics, Neurala, Lifelong-DNN, Continual Learning, Affectiva, Smartvid, Harvard Wyss Institute, Nature inspired inventions, Industrial Exosuits, Bioinspired robot swarms, Boston Consulting Group, skills agenda, Watsonized, Star Trek, Boston Dynamics, Spot, Position paper Task Force AI, Invest and Collaborate, Holland Trade Dinner, U-Mass Club, RightHand Robotics, Philips Breakthrough Program, Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Koch Gallery, Van Otterloo and Weatherbie art donation, Business Delegation, Hans de Boer, VNO-NCW, Holland Innovation Attaché Network, Dutch AI companies, Transatlantic relationships, Company Profile, Law, Strategy, Contracts
Transparantie en uitlegbaarheid van AI algoritmes
Transparantie en uitlegbaarheid van AI algoritmes

Tijdens het Platform ECP event ‘Transparantie en uitlegbaarheid van AI algoritmes’ gaf AIRecht Managing Partner en lid van de Werkgroep Kunstmatige Intelligentie Mauritz Kop op 27 juni 2019 in Den Haag een korte presentatie over de eerste Europese AI Alliance Conferentie te Brussel, en de aldaar door HLEG Chair Pekka Ala-Pietilä aan EU Commissaris Mariya Gabriel gepresenteerde Policy and Investment Recommendations for Trustworthy AI.

Policy and Investment Recommendations for Trustworthy AI

De Policy and Investment Recommendations for Trustworthy AI van de onafhankelijke High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) bevatten 33 punten, waaronder 11 key takeways die Europese Artificiële Intelligentie naar duurzaamheid, groei en competitiveness moeten leiden. Best practices en Codes of Conduct zoals het ECP AI Impact Assessment spelen in daarin een prominente rol.

Succesvolle eerste Europese AI Alliance Assembly in Brussel

De HLEG kan terugkijken op een succesvolle eerste editie van de Europese AI Alliantie Conferentie in Brussel, die gehouden werd op 26 juni 2019. Tijdens de Assembly - die ook online werd gestreamd - werden de nieuwste prestaties in het AI-beleid en de toekomstperspectieven van de Europese strategie voor kunstmatige intelligentie besproken (i.e. sociale, mensgerichte AI die fundamentele rechten en vrijheden respecteert), inclusief de impact ervan op onze economie en samenleving.

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Algoritmes, Artificiële Intelligentie, Europees recht, Grondrechten, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Recht, WetgevingMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & RechtTrustworthy AI, AI algoritmes, Transparantie, Uitlegbaarheid, HLEG Group, Policy and Investment Recommendations, ECP, Best practices, Codes of Conduct, AI Impact Assessment, Europese AI Alliance Assembly, Ethics Guidelines, Den Haag, Brussels, Mauritz Kop, AIRecht, wettig, rechtmatig, robuust, economie, samenleving, strategie, legal sandboxes, ruimte voor experimenten, innovatie, fundamentele rechten, Werkgroep Kunstmatige Intelligentie, 11 key takeaways, startups, SME's, tech startups, data compulsory licenses, legal personhood, intellectueel eigendomsrecht, klimaat data, agrifood, healthcare
European Parliament votes in favour of the new EU Copyright Directive
European Parliament votes in favour of the new EU Copyright Directive

Today, the European Parliament voted in favour of the new EU Copyright Directive. This controversial IP legislation passed with 348 in favour, 274 against and 36 abstentions. Within 2 years (medio 2021), the Directive has to be implemented in the copyright legislations of the member States. However, articles 11 (now 15) and 13 (now 17) will do the EU internal market more harm than good.

Copyright expertise

Artificiële Intelligentie & Recht managing partner and IP lawyer Mauritz Kop delivered copyright expertise to the European Parliament during the legislative process.

Intellectual property law has become the new battleground for ideas on how the Digital Single Market strategy should deal with transformative innovation such as online platforms, big data, quantum computing and artificial intelligence. This potentially hinders rapid innovation and undermines the competitive position of Europe vis-à-vis China and the United States.

Consumer rights and competition/ antitrust law

Consumer welfare can be protected more effectively by consumer rights and competition/ antitrust law than by IP law. The introduction of additional rights (art. 15) results in an even more overcrowded and overgrown legal landscape, which could result in stagnation and legal uncertainty.

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Amerikaans recht, Artificiële Intelligentie, Auteursrecht, Europees recht, Europese Richtlijn, Intellectueel Eigendom, Online Platforms, Tech Startups, WetgevingMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & RechtEU Copyright Directive, IP legislation, Civil law statutes, common law case law, concise, precise, codification, legal framework, intellectual property, law, Copyright Reform, Technology-neutral, exceptions, limitations, open standard, fair use, value gap, consumer welfare, trias politica, European Court of Justice, Parliament, Commission, judicial lawmaking function, lawsuits, legal certainty, antitrust law, competition law, privacy, freedom of expression, transformative innovation, creativity, big data, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, statutes, online platforms, China, United States, European Union, competitive position, IP lawyer, internal market, Digital Single Market
Legal Status of Robots and AI in Healthcare - Symposium Academy Het Dorp
Legal Status of Robots and AI in Healthcare - Symposium Academy Het Dorp

On December 3, 2018 our office Artificial Intelligence & Law delivered the lecture 'The legal status of smart robots: legal personality, intellectual property and fundamental rights'. On the occasion of the Symposium on robotisation and eHealth in the pharmaceutical industry, organized by Academy Het Dorp and Proeftuin Robotica. The central theme of this seminar on healthcare regulation was: Can you hold a robot liable in case of damages?

How should we deal with liability in robotics?

The following questions were addressed: Should robots equipped with AI have a separate legal status? How do you - as a developer/supplier and consumer/user/patient get a grip on liability for autonomous machines and artificial intelligence algorithms? How do we safeguard ethical principles and fundamental human rights? Who owns intellectual property rights in smart robots and copyrights on computer and AI generated works? How should we deal with liability in robotics?

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Artificiële Intelligentie, Auteursrecht, Deep Learning, Grondrechten, Healthcare, Intellectueel Eigendom, Internet of Things, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Machine Learning, Neuraal Netwerk, Recht, Robotica, Robotlaw, Tech Startups, WetgevingMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & Recht legal, robots, AI, healthcare, symposium, lecture, AI Impact Assessment, legal and ethical framework, selfdriving cars, tech startups, intellectual property, drones, autonomous systems, cybersecurity, liability, machine reasoning, big data, medical devices, computer generated works, fundamental rights, copyrights
What are the main requirements for AI systems in Healthcare?
What are the main requirements for AI systems in Healthcare?

Main barriers to adoptation of Artificial Intelligence in healthcare.

Absence of a specific AI law, or clear legal framework from the perspective of both professional users (A) and patients (B).

When constructing such a framework, it is important to make a distinction between the various sub-areas of healthcare, such as research and development, professional care providers and recipients of care. Because each sub-area has different needs.

Barriers for professional users.

It is simply unclear for companies and private and academic research institutes in the medical sector what is and is not allowed in the field of AI, blockchain, computer & machine vision and robotics. Both at European level and at national level. This knowledge is important for the commodification of their inventions/creations. Two practical examples are permission from Farmatec and obtaining a CE-marking.

Requirements for sustained use of AI in healthcare.

Since traceability and transparency are key within any healthcare (and food-feed) system, blockchain could play an important role in sustained use of AI in healthcare.

A EU AI Directive or Regulation should be able to implement and/or adhere to principles of Eudralex (The body of European Union legislation in the pharmaceutical sector), Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Good Distribution Practices (GDP) in particular.

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Algoritmes, Artificiële Intelligentie, AVG / GDPR, Big data, Blockchain, Cognitive Computing, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Europees recht, Europese Richtlijn, Ethiek, Farmaceutica, Grondrechten, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Machine Learning, Privacywetgeving, Productontwikkeling, Robotica, Robotlaw, Tech Startups, Virtual Reality, Wetgeving, Healthcare, eHealth, Medical DevicesMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & Rechthealthcare, Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment, robotics, blockchain, intellectual property, insurance, liability, damages, AI, Farmatec, FDA, QAQC-systems, GMP, GDP, medicine, Eudralex, Medical Devices, eHealth, wearables, legislation, European Union, European AI Alliance, privacy, legal and ethical framework, CE-marking, pilots, computer vision, machine learning, virtual reality, Law School, Medical School, fundamental rights, copyrights, computer generated works, regulation, directive, Machinery, standards, path dependency, traceability, surgery, patients, big data, cognitive computing, knowledge, legal certainty, innovation, tech startups, incentive & reward
AI Impact Assessment | Netherlands
AI Impact Assessment | Netherlands

The AI ​​Impact Assessment offers entrepreneurs, data scientists and software programmers a concrete code of conduct with which AI can be safely implemented. The Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment was developed by the Dutch ECP | Platform for the Information Society. The AI ​​Impact Assessment is a guide for the application of artificial intelligence. Through a practical checklist from a legal, technical and ethical point of view.

Download or view the English version of the Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment

Code of Conduct Artificial Intelligence

The starting point of the AI Impact Assessment is the Code of Conduct for Artificial Intelligence. This code of conduct forms the basis of the AI Impact Assessment framework. The Artificial Intelligence Code of Conduct consists of two parts: common European ethical and constitutional values (i.e. liberty, equality, fraternity), legal principles and democratic preconditions, as well as practical rules and codes of conduct for AI applications, deep learning algorithms and autonomous systems.

Risk and safety assessment tools

The AI Impact Assessment is related to other risk and safety assessment tools such as the Privacy Impact Assessment, Algorithmic Accountability and Responsibility & Transparancy by Design. We see the same logic in the Asimov Three Laws of Robotics, the IBM Watson AI Guidelines (Everyday Ethics for Artificial Intelligence, A practical guide for designers & developers) and the 23 Asilomar AI principles. The AI Impact Assessment also has a guide function, and provides a similar moral compass.

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Algoritmes, Artificiële Intelligentie, Ethiek, Europees recht, Grondrechten, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Nederlands recht, Productontwikkeling, Robotica, WetgevingMauritz KopArtificial Intelligence Impact Assessment, Ethics, Dutch AI Strategy, Risk and safety assessment tools, Code of Conduct, Legal technical ethical framework, liberty, equality, fraternity, business, developers, Privacy en Security by Design, Asimov Three Laws of Robotics, IBM Watson AI Guidelines, 23 Asilomar AI principles, Algorithmic Accountability, transparancy
Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment
Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment

AI Impact Assessment: checklist voor toepassing artificiële intelligentie

Het AI Impact Assessment biedt ondernemers, datawetenschappers en softwareprogrammeurs een gedragscode waarmee AI veilig geïmplementeerd kan worden. Het Artificial Intelligence Impact Assessment is ontwikkeld door het ECP|Platform voor de InformatieSamenleving. De AI Impact Assessment is een wegwijzer voor toepassing van artificiële intelligentie. Via een praktische checklist op zowel juridisch, technisch als ethisch vlak.

De uitvoering van de AI Impact Assessment wordt bij voorkeur begeleid door een daartoe gespecialiseerd jurist.

Risico-inschattingsinstrument

De AIIA vertoont verwantschap met andere risico-inschattingsinstrumenten zoals de Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA, ook wel Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) of gegevensbeschermingseffectbeoordeling (GEB) genaamd). We zien eenzelfde logica terug bij de 3 Robotwetten van Asimov, de IBM Watson AI Guidelines en de 23 Asilomar AI principes. De AIIA heeft eveneens een gidsfunctie, en een vergelijkbaar moreel kompas.

Leidraad voor verantwoorde implementatie van kunstmatige intelligentie

De Artificiële Intelligentie Impact Assessment (AIIA) bevat een overzichtelijk stappenplan met 8 stappen, aan de hand waarvan bedrijven inzichtelijk kunnen maken welke juridische en ethische normen van belang zijn bij de creatie en toepassing van AI-systemen en smart robotics. Ook maken de AIIA en de Gedragscode Artificiële Intelligentie helder welke motieven en beweegredenen de basis vormen van de te maken keuzes en beslissingen tijdens het AI implementatietraject. Dit maakt het gebruik van kunstmatige intelligentie en slimme algoritmes transparanter.

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Algoritmes, Artificiële Intelligentie, Big data, Cloud Computing, Cognitive Computing, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Extended Reality, Grondrechten, Informatierecht, Intellectueel Eigendom, Internet of Things, Internetrecht, Juridisch Advies, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Nano Engineering, Neuraal Netwerk, Quantum Computing, Recht, Robotica, Robotlaw, Tech Startups, WetgevingMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & RechtArtificial Intelligence Impact Assessment, robotisering, 4e industriële revolutie, slimme robots, kunstmatige intelligentie, AI Impact Assessment, checklist, stappenplan, ECP, Platform voor de InformatieSamenleving, jurist, legal, ethische normen, risico-inschattingsinstrumenten, Privacy Impact Assessment, PIA, Asimov, GEB, Gedragscode Artificiële Intelligentie, rechtsstatelijkheid, intellectueel eigendom, wet en regelgeving, belanghebbenden, Infinite computing, neuromorphic chips, AI-mind clouds, spintronics, wijsheid, compassie, Harari Home Deus, Singularity, Artificial General Intelligence, bias, Privacyvraagstukken, accessibility, blockchain, dystopische toekomstscenario’s, Orwelliaanse Versificator, 1984, The Matrix, Blade Runner, Ghost In The Machine, Westworld, Mad Max, Robocop, The Terminator, Brazil, Metropolis, Asilomar AI Principes, Privacy en Security by Design, Triple Helix Model, Nederlandse AI Strategie, Conferentie Nederland Digitaal, arbeidsmarkt, disruptie, leidraad, gidsfunctie, open internet, digitalisering, neuraal netwerk, machine learning, Internet of Things, data scientist, software programmeur, Europese AI Alliantie, Cybersecuritywetgeving, NIB-Richtlijn (EU) 2016/1148), NIS-Directive, IEC 62443, eIDAS, veiligheidseisen, Wbni, ISO, NEN, ANSI, end users, IBM Watson, AI Guidelines, ICAI, AINED
Auteursrechten op slimme software en smart apps
Auteursrechten op slimme software en smart apps

Is de programmeur van de software broncode eigenaar van de auteursrechten op een smart app?

De ontwikkelaar of programmeur van software broncode verkrijgt als maker in de zin van de wet van rechtswege een auteursrecht. Hetzelfde geldt voor de bedenker van online apps of tools. Dit brengt met zich mee dat u als menselijke maker – met uitsluiting van ieder ander - een exclusief recht verkrijgt op de exploitatie van de app. Dat geldt evenzeer voor software waarin blockchain functionaliteit is verwerkt en voor smart apps die op basis van artificiële intelligentie draaien.

Europese Softwarerichtlijn

Functionaliteit van software of apps komt op grond van de Europese Softwarerichtlijn niet in aanmerking voor auteursrechtelijke bescherming. Auteursrechten zijn echter niet de enige intellectuele eigendomsrechten, er bestaan meer juridische instrumenten om uw creaties te beschermen. De naam of het logo van een slimme app kan bijvoorbeeld worden beschermd door het handelsnaamrecht. En onder omstandigheden ook door een merkrecht, na succesvolle registratie van een woordmerk danwel een beeldmerk.

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Auteursrecht, Juridisch Advies, ICT Contracten, Intellectueel Eigendom, Software Licenties, Leveringsvoorwaarden, Tech Startups, Online Platforms, Informatierecht, Internetrecht, Computerrecht, Privacywetgeving, AVG / GDPR, Kunstmatige Intelligentie, Big data, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Robotlaw, Robotica, Cloud Computing, Algoritmes, Internet of Things, Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Neuraal Netwerk, Medische Producten, Farmaceutica, Entertainment en Kunst, Ethiek, Grondrechten, Artificiële Intelligentie, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Extended Reality, Computer Vision, Cognitive Computing, Wetgeving, Recht, Europese Richtlijn, Quantum Computing, Nano Engineering, Consumentenelektronica, High Tech Industrie, Food Feed Agri, Levensmiddelenrecht, Cosmeticawetgeving, Muziekrecht, Bedrijfsrecht, Arbeidsrecht, Contractenrecht, Productontwikkeling, eMarketing, Energie, Berner ConventieMauritz KopArtificiële Intelligentie & RechtSlimme software, Smart apps, auteursrechten, broncode, online tools, exclusief recht, exploitatie, medische app, reisapp, Mobility as a Service, Internet of Things, reverse engineering, blockchain, nieuwsapp, fitness app, gezondheidsapp, interface, i-Depot, BOIP, Europese Softwarerichtlijn, werk, Auteurswet, makerschap, chipsrecht, octrooirecht, patent, merkrecht, handelsnaamrecht, databankenrecht, werkgeversauteursrecht, co-auteurschap, Computer generated works, neuraal netwerk, arbeidscontract, app-ontwikkelaar, programmeur, ingenieur, big data, persoonlijkheidsrechten, naamsvermelding, wearables, openbaar maken, verveelvoudigen, distributie, onderwijsexceptie, 3-stappentoets, machine learning, software licensing, sui generis recht, modellenrecht, internationaal zakendoen, Berner Conventie, Infopaq II, Softwarerichtlijn, Auteursrechtrichtlijn